Lesson 3: The Challenges in the Middle and late Adolescence
Lesson 3: The Challenges in the Middle and late Adolescence(Pulga)
In this chapter you will be oriented with the various changes you will go through and the challenges that you will have to face.
ASPECTS
Physical
- physical changes in puberty is predictable, the onset and pace of puberty vary widely. Several physical changes occur during puberty, such as adrenarche and gonad Arche, the maturing of the adrenal glands and sex glands, respectively. Also, during this time, primary and secondary sexual characteristics develop and mature. Primary sexual characteristics are organs specifically needed for reproduction, like the uterus and ovaries in females and testes in males. Secondary sexual characteristics are physical signs of sexual maturation that do not directly involve sex organs, such as development of breasts and hips in girls, and development of facial hair and a deepened voice in boys. Girls experience menarche, the beginning of menstrual periods, usually around 12–13 years old, and boys experience sperm Arche, the first ejaculation, around 13–14 years old.
Middle Adolescence
Females have almost completed the physical development while the males are still in the process of maturity.
Late adolescence
Females are fully developed whole physical growth for male continues
Identity/Self-concept
Self-identity refers to the descriptive characteristics, qualities, and abilities that people use to define themselves.
Middle Adolescence
Sense of identity has not yet been established identity crisis is prevalent partly brought about by the diverse changes in their bodies.
Have low self-esteem and poor self-concept, but have high expectations for one self.
Late adolescence
Adolescents have firmer had though they continue to explore about the self. The self.
The process of discovery continues in areas such as family relationships, education, and career.
Emotional behavior
A mental state that arises spontaneously rather than through conscious effort and is often accompanied by physiological changes.
Middle adolescence
Most of the adolescents are moody, sensitive, rebellious, stubborn and inconsistent.
They rebel against requirements or policies.
Some tend to be rude in speech and quite often talk back to their parents or elders.
Some are prone in using bad words.
Late adolescence
They slowly possess the ability to delay gratification.
There is an increased emotional stability.
Social attitude
this is your attitude towards other people, or how you interact to people.
Middle adolescence
There is desire to be recognized, be liked and gain success and greatness in their endeavors.
They love to compete with other people even with the sibling in the family.
Some are eager to explore and experience.
Late adolescence
They have increased and deeper capacity for caring for others.
There is an emerging social autonomy among them.
Peer Relationships
Peer relationships can also contribute negatively to social emotional development through bullying, exclusion, and deviant peer processes.
Middle adolescence
Eager to make new friends and friendship is everything to them.
There are very much loyal to their peers.
The influence if peers is quite strong which sometimes leads them to risky behaviors.
Late adolescence
The peer group fades in importance and is replaced by a few good and trusted friends.
Family relationships
A family relationship can be defined as any combination of filiation or conjugal relationships that join two people directly or through a third party.
Middle adolescence
As adolescence develop closed ties with their peer groups, the relationship with their family deteriorates.
Conflict may arise due to adolescent’s assertion to freedom and other concerns.
Late adolescence
Conflict with parents often decrease with age.
Family is becoming influential again.
Romantic Relationships
Romantic relationships can be viewed as voluntary relationships between individuals who have intentions that each person will be a significant part of their ongoing lives.
Middle adolescence
Slowly, adolescents begin to be interested in romantic relationships and in physical or emotional affection.
Early romantic relationships tend to be of short duration, usually just a few months (or weeks).
Late adolescence
There is development of more serious relationships.
Serious intimate relationships begin to develop.
Majority regards love fidelity and lifelong commitment as essential to a successful relationship.
Decision making/ Independence
Is the process of making choices by identifying a decision, gathering information, and assessing alternative resolutions. Using a step-by-step decision-making process can help you make more deliberate, thoughtful decisions by organizing relevant information and defining alternatives.
Middle adolescence
They are prone in making poor decisions. This can be a problem especially when poor decisions lead adolescents to risky behavior, such as use of alcohol or drugs.
Immature adolescents are especially likely to choose less responsible options and may even.
Late adolescence
They manifest increased independence and self-reliance.
There is a rapid emerging ability to make independent decisions and to compromise.
Cognitive Development
Is the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood.
Middle adolescence
they develop abstract reasoning skills, includes having logical thinking skills, expansion of verbal abilities, and ability to grasp conventional morality.
Late adolescence
There is development of abstract, complex thinking which assists them in developing an ability to comprehend thing such as how current behavior affect long-term health status.
Values/ Morality
values define what they want personally, but morals define what the society around those people want for them. Certain behaviors are considered to be desirable by a given society.
Middle adolescence
They start to develop a sense of values and begins to be concerned about exhibiting ethical behavior.
Late adolescence
Adolescence develop to more matured understanding of morality and justice.
Career Goals
A career goal is a well-defined statement explaining the profession that an individual intends to pursue throughout his career.
Middle adolescence
Many of them remain to be risk takers as they feel that they are invincible.
Late adolescence
They have greater capacity for setting goals.
Adolescence become concerned with their future.
Summarize of Middle and Late Adolescence
Challenges in the Middle and late Adolescence
1. Creation of a stable identity
2. Emotional maturity
3. Establishment of some form of autonomy from parents or family
4. Establishment of a healthy romantic relationship
5. Establishment for a better relationship with parents/ family
6. Control of impulsive emotion and establishment of good behavior
7. Improvement of decision – making skills
8. Improvement of personal ethical and value system
9. Establishment of regard from one’s safety via avoidance of participation in risky behaviors.
10. Consideration of career and future goals.
Late Adolescence
1. Finishing studies
2. Entry to the workforce
3. Finding a significant role in society or nice in world
4. Entering responsible romantic partnership
5. Preparing to build one’s own family
6. Preparing to become a responsible parent
Significant Others
- significant other is synonyms with the term “relevant other’’. In psychology, the term denotes a person that guides and take care of a child during primary socialization.
Nowadays the term “significant others” is used to refer all people who are of sufficient importance in a person’s life to affect his or her emotion.
· Parents – it refers to a father or mother. One who gives birth to or nurtures and raises as a child.
Roles of parents
1. provide secure, safe and loving home for family
2 create an atmosphere of truthfulness, goodness mutual trust and respect.
3.open communication
4. allow age – appropriate independence and confidence among children.
5.develop a relationship that encourage children to talk to them
6. teach accountability and responsibility
7. teach industriousness and obligation
8. teach them the importance of accepting and respecting limits;
9. teach obedience to authority, morality, spirituality and religion.
· Siblings
- Is one’s brother or sister or being related to a person.
- they play a unique role in one another’s lives.
· Teacher
- a person who delivers an educational program, assesses students participation an educational program or administer, provides consistent and substantial leadership.
· Community Leaders
- it can be an individual or a group leadership, voluntary or paid.
- Community: a place that shares a common interest, purpose or practice.
· Friends
- a person who knows and with whom one has a bond of mutual affection, typically exclusive of sexual or family relations. Someone who known you well and who like a lot.
ON FRIENDSHIP:
· Look for a best friend
· Care for a friend by sharing his or her pain
· Don’t walk away from your friend
· Be yourself with a true friend
· Be selective and wise in making friends
Advise to have a good friend:
· keep in mind that friendship is sharing
· don’t betray a friend
· keep the friendship of childhood that survives into adult
· don’t allow distance to separate you from friends
· turn an enemy into a friend
· be cautious in friendship
ON AFFIRMATION
Affirmations (emotional support or encouragement) are declarations or courageous statements aimed at creating a change in the person stating them.
In the 1920’s, a French psychologist by the name of EmilCoue first popularized the term. He believes that the written positive affirmations can lead to change in beliefs and can enhance the person’s self-worth.
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